{"id":66580,"date":"2020-01-29T15:42:37","date_gmt":"2020-01-29T13:42:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.nli.org.il\/?p=66580"},"modified":"2021-01-25T11:19:59","modified_gmt":"2021-01-25T09:19:59","slug":"antelman_conspiracy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blognli2026.moonsite.co.il\/en\/antelman_conspiracy\/","title":{"rendered":"On Gershom Scholem, Conspiracy Theories and Rabbinical Court Controversies"},"content":{"rendered":"

Gershom Scholem loved to write in his books<\/a>. He wrote many types of comments; bibliographical, content, cross references, etc. Occasionally he also took swipes at other authors by pointing out flaws in their research. These comments usually appeared on or across from the title page. On one book he wrote “a waste of nice paper”, on another “woe is to the teacher that this [author] is called his student.”<\/p>\n

In one particular volume, Scholem wrote “Nonsense based on me!!!<\/u>\u200b”. These words were scribbled on the inside cover of “To Eliminate the Opiate: The Frightening Inside Story of Communist and Conspiratorial Group Efforts to Destroy Jews, Judaism and Israel<\/strong><\/a>“, by Rabbi Marvin S. Antelman, published in New York – Tel Aviv in 1974.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
“Nonsense based on me!!!<\/em>\u200b” – Gershom Scholem’s words scribbled on a copy of “To Eliminate the Opiate” by Marvin Antelman, the Gershom Scholem Collection for Kabbalah and Hasidism at the National Library of Israel. Click to enlarge<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

In his work Antelman (who also held a PhD in chemistry) painted a detailed conspiracy theory incorporating the Jewish Enlightenment, Reform Judaism and Communism, tracing their origins back to the false messianic movement of Shabbtai Zvi, his Polish successor Jacob Frank, the Illuminati movement and Jacobin Society.<\/p>\n

\"\"
The false messiah, Shabbtai Zvi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Here is where Scholem, the preeminent scholar of the Sabbatean movement\u00a0enters our story. Antelman references him regarding the possible influence of the Sabbatean movement on the development of the Jewish Enlightenment and Reform movements but goes well beyond Scholem’s noting of a possible cultural influence – \u00a0Antelman lunges into a full-fledged conspiracy theory, so complex as to be beyond the scope of this article.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Antelman attempted to chart out his conspiracy theory…From “To Eliminate the Opiate” by Marvin Antelman, the Gershom Scholem Collection for Kabbalah and Hasidism at the National Library of Israel<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Interestingly, Antelman’s book got him into hot water with the rabbinic establishment in his home town of Boston, where he was summoned by the local rabbinic court to defend the book. It wasn’t Antelman’s outlandish claims concerning the Reform movement and the Sabbatean roots of Communism that raised the ire of the Boston rabbis, however. What really got them upset was Antelman’s decision to take sides in a fierce 18th<\/sup> century controversy, by claiming that the famous sage Rabbi Yonatan Eibeschutz was a Sabbatean (a position also shared by Scholem). Antelman wrote back at length defending his position based upon prior rabbinical authority (Rabbi Yaacov Emden and others) and refused to submit to the authority of the Bet Din<\/em> of the Massachusetts Council of Rabbis unless they met various conditions, including being able to call scholarly witnesses (Gershom Scholem?) to testify on his behalf. \u00a0He also mentions that he had at one time served as the New England Coordinator for the JDL [Rabbi Meir Kahane’s Jewish Defense League]. It is also telling that whereas Antelman titles the subject of his letter \u201cReply to your summons\u2026to answer heresy charges\u201d, the word \u201cheresy\u201d appears nowhere on the actual summons that he received from the rabbinic court. . He later turned to a rabbinic court in Los Angeles which vindicated him of the charges.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
“…you are hereby summoned to appear before a Beth Din..<\/em>.” The Massachusetts Council of Rabbis’ letter to Antelman, the Gershom Scholem Collection for Kabbalah and Hasidism at the National Library of Israel. Click to enlarge<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Antelman sent the rabbinic court correspondence to Scholem, along with a personal letter. Scholem kept these letters together with the book in his collection.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
One of Antelman’s letters to Scholem, the Gershom Scholem Collection for Kabbalah and Hasidism at the National Library of Israel. Click to enlarge<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

In the 1990s Antelman\u00a0published <\/span>a Hebrew book<\/a> on R. Yonatan Eibeschutz <\/span>(Bechor Satan<\/em>) detailing his prior claims, and here as well he relied heavily on Scholem’s research. In this book he published a copy of the letter from the Los Angeles B<\/em><\/span>et Din<\/em> exonerating him of the heresy charges leveled in Boston.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"
Bechor Satan<\/em>, Antelman’s book detailing his theories on Eibeschutz<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

This letter explicitly mentions “Professor Gershom Shalom” [Scholem] as the authority upon whom Antelman based his research regarding R. Eibeschutz. The Los Angeles rabbinic court even threw its support behind Antelman’s strange theories, claiming in the letter that he was \u201cenlightening the Jewish reader in the danger of Reform, Conservative and Jewish Communists\u201d. It is interesting to point out that though Scholem’s work was cited as a source by both Antelman and his friends in California, Scholem himself was hardly a typical example of Jewish orthodoxy.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
The Los Angeles rabbinic court’s letter defending Antelman, the Gershom Scholem Collection for Kabbalah and Hasidism at the National Library of Israel. Click to enlarge<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Antelman eventually went on to serve as \u201cChief Justice\u201d of the \u201cSupreme Rabbinical Court of America\u201d that he founded. Among the more dramatic acts of the court was the excommunication of American Secretary of State Henry Kissinger in 1976.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
“The Excommunication of Henry Kissinger<\/a>” by Marvin Antelman, the Gershom Scholem Collection for Kabbalah and Hasidism at the National Library of Israel. Click to enlarge<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

In his later years he was active in finding solutions for women who had difficulties receiving an halachic divorce. Antelman eventually made Aliyah and spent his last years in the Israeli city of Rehovot.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The author thanks Rabbis Elli Fischer and Daniel Yolkut for help with this research.<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

If you liked this article, try these:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kehilot Moshe: The Discovery of a Rare Illustrated Bible<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cStranger Things\u201d in Jerusalem: Goethe and Goebbels in the Ticho Family Garden<\/a><\/p>\n

Robinson Crusoe in the Languages of the Jews<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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