{"id":176928,"date":"2025-06-16T14:24:03","date_gmt":"2025-06-16T11:24:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.nli.org.il\/?p=176928"},"modified":"2025-09-11T13:33:42","modified_gmt":"2025-09-11T10:33:42","slug":"judah-touro","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blognli2026.moonsite.co.il\/en\/judah-touro\/","title":{"rendered":"Who Was Judah Touro? A Name Etched Into Jewish and American History"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

When Audrey Ades reads aloud from the children\u2019s book she wrote in 2020, Judah Touro Didn\u2019t Want to be Famous<\/em><\/a>, she is struck at the gatherings by the varied reactions of two groups in attendance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Adults are impressed by the generous charitable contributions made by Touro, an American Jew who died in 1854. Children wonder why Touro avoided the limelight he\u2019d earned for doing such good deeds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The kids \u201cdid not understand why a person would not want to be famous, which was fascinating to me,\u201d said Ades, a resident of Florida. \u201cThey were really grappling with that. I think they were more interested in that than the philanthropy.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"91i1suyhfxl.
Judah Touro Didn\u2019t Want to be Famous<\/em><\/a> by Audrey Ades, Kar-Ben Publishing, Minneapolis, 2020, available at the National Library of Israel<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

A prosperous merchant, Touro made donations and bequests to purchase buildings for churches and synagogues, to acquire property for cemeteries and to construct hospitals. Most of the funding went to places in New Orleans, the city where Touro lived most of his life, but also to New York and New England.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The acts had in common their occurring anonymously, often as a condition of the funding. Much of Touro\u2019s charitable contributions became known publicly only after his death. He disposed of most records during his lifetime.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Poem\"
From the June 30, 1854, edition of The Hebrew Observer<\/em><\/a>, the Historical Jewish Press Collection at the National Library of Israel<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

He \u201cembodies humility and success,\u201d said Alan Kadish, the president of Touro University, founded in 1971.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Touro was a \u201crags-to-riches\u201d story, as a self-made man who gave approximately $500,000 to charity, the equivalent of $12 million today, and whose will was \u201cthe most generous\u201d in America up to then, historian Jonathan Sarna said in an online video address to the university in 2021.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"By
Judah Touro, image credit: David R. Chittenden<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

A \u201cturning point\u201d in Touro\u2019s life, Sarna said, was a year-long recovery from serious injuries sustained in the Battle of New Orleans, during the War of 1812. As he recuperated, Touro turned inward and became \u201ceccentric and reclusive.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In her notes appearing at the end of the book, Ades speculated that Touro\u2019s father, Isaac, taught his children about the rungs of charity conceived by the great Jewish thinker Maimonides (Rambam), of which remaining anonymous is the most noble.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"990027783540205171\"
A sketch portait of Judah Touro<\/a>, the Abraham Schwadron Portrait Collection at the National Library of Israel<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u201cBy donating in secret, Judah reached the highest levels of charitable giving in Jewish tradition,\u201d she wrote.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

June 16, 2025, marked 250 years since Touro\u2019s birth in Newport, Rhode Island, in 1775, but Ades did not know of the milestone date\u2019s approach. Kadish, the university president, said his institution was not planning any events to mark the semiquincentennial. Those working at Touro, a restaurant in Jerusalem\u2019s posh Mishkenot Sha\u2019ananim neighborhood, were also oblivious. The eatery is located a few blocks from Tura Street, named for Touro but misspelled in English. The construction of Mishkenot Sha’ananim, the first Jerusalem neighborhood built outside the Old City walls, was funded by Touro’s estate a few years after his death.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"997009326476305171\"
Mishkenot Sha\u2019ananim, photo<\/a> by Boris Karmi, the Meitar Collection, the Pritzker Family National Photography Collection at the National Library of Israel<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The notable birthday\u2019s passage with little to no fanfare is probably as Touro would have wanted it. Even Newport’s famous Touro Synagogue was formed and endowed not by Judah, but by his brother Abraham. Opened in 1763, it is the oldest synagogue in the United States. It continues to function as a house of worship and is a designated historic site run by the National Park Service. The synagogue is best known as the repository of a letter written by President George Washington (who visited the synagogue in 1790), expressing the U.S. government\u2019s commitment to religious freedom. \u201c[T]o bigotry no sanction, to persecution no assistance,\u201d <\/em>Washington\u2019s letter legendarily affirms.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Touro
The Touro Synagogue, Newport, Rhode Island, image credit: Kenneth C. Zirkel<\/a> <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Isaac Touro had died by then, but he\u2019d have understood the power of Washington\u2019s words. He was born in Amsterdam to descendants of Jews who had escaped the Spanish and Portuguese inquisitions.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"997003493790405171\"
The interior of the Touro Synagogue<\/a>, the Joseph and Margit Hoffman Judaica Postcard Collection, the Folklore Research Center, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

A foundation that preserves the Newport synagogue\u2019s history counts Keith Stokes, a relative of the Touros, as a board member. Serving in that role \u201cis who I am,\u201d said Stokes, recently appointed as Rhode Island\u2019s historian laureate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stokes remembers his grandmother, Bessie Forrester Barclay, who by then had converted from Judaism to Episcopalianism, taking him to Newport\u2019s Redwood Library and telling him stories of Isaac Touro\u2019s arrival in the United States and \u201cthat the Jewish ancestors were part of the great families of Spain.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Judah Touro remains known today partly through the synagogue; the university, which this year has 19,000 students attending its colleges and medical schools in the American states of New York (where it is headquartered), Nevada, Illinois and California, and in Israel, Russia and Germany; as well as the hospitals he founded or left massive bequests to: Boston\u2019s Massachusetts General Hospital (which Abraham Touro established), New Orleans\u2019s Touro Infirmary and New York City\u2019s Mount Sinai Hospital.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"997003487930405171\"
The Touro Infirmary<\/a> in New Orleans, Louisiana, the Joseph and Margit Hoffman Judaica Postcard Collection, the Folklore Research Center, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u201cHe was a role model of generosity of money and philanthropy to Jew and Christian alike. It\u2019s really only after Judah Touro passes away that we see so many things named for him,\u201d said Sarna. Touro\u2019s philanthropy and frugal living were \u201clike [that of] Warren Buffet,\u201d Sarna said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Feb24\"
From the February 24, 1854, edition of The Hebrew Observer<\/em><\/a>, the Historical Jewish Press Collection at the National Library of Israel<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u201cJudah Touro becomes one of the best known and most respected Jews, known to Jew and non-Jew for his philanthropy and for the many things his money was able to accomplish.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Writer-editor Hillel Kuttler can be reached at <\/em>hk@HillelTheScribeCommunications.com<\/em><\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Touro\u2019s philanthropy left its mark on Jewish life around the globe, yet, almost paradoxically, few today are familiar with his name.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":450,"featured_media":176968,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[216],"tags":[1737,234,1791,1633],"tags2":[2784,2686,3067,3103,2792],"class_list":["post-176928","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-diaspora","tag-american-jewry","tag-diaspora","tag-jerusalem-en","tag-sephardic-jewry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nWho Was Judah Touro? 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