{"id":174849,"date":"2025-05-22T11:08:14","date_gmt":"2025-05-22T08:08:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.nli.org.il\/?p=174849"},"modified":"2025-05-22T11:21:21","modified_gmt":"2025-05-22T08:21:21","slug":"british_police_jerusalem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blognli2026.moonsite.co.il\/en\/british_police_jerusalem\/","title":{"rendered":"A “Pillbox” Tour of Jerusalem With the British Mandate Police"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

With the departure of the Ottomans and the arrival of the British Empire, the new authorities\u2014true to form\u2014believed proper policing required proper training. And so, one of the earliest institutions they established was the Police Training School<\/strong> in Jerusalem.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"1\"
Map detail: \u201cJerusalem in Panorama\u201d by S.N. Spyridon, 1945 (with 1955 updates).<\/a> <\/strong>On the left: the Police Training School building. Eran Laor Map Collection, National Library of Israel<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

The school first opened in 1921, closed in 1923, and reopened in 1926. Its cadets included both Jewish and Arab recruits. Documentation from the school\u2019s early years is limited, but we do know that Israel\u2019s first Minister of Police\u2014and signatory to the Declaration of Independence\u2014Bechor-Shalom Sheetrit served as its deputy commander during that formative period. Researcher No\u02bbomi Leven\u1e33ron<\/a> uncovered a 1927 notebook belonging to Binyamin Plaskovsky, a trainee at the school.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In its early years, the school changed locations several times before settling in what is now the Ma\u2019alot Dafna neighborhood.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"2\"
Map detail showing the police compound in present-day Ma\u2019alot Dafna<\/a>, 1927.<\/strong> Scale 1:2,000. Published by the Survey of Palestine. From the collection of Dr. Benjamin Daniel Foner Hyman (1944\u20132024), attorney, urban planner, and legal scholar. National Library of Israel<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n
\n
\"3\"
The same area following the construction of the new Police Training School building<\/a>, just south of the original site. To the east, the Royal Air Force Wireless Service station is visible\u2014complete with markings for two signal masts. Map scale 1:1,250, Survey of Palestine, 1938. From the collection of Dr. Benjamin Daniel Foner Hyman (1944\u20132024), attorney, urban planner, and legal scholar. National Library of Israel<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

In 1935, a new concrete building was constructed for the school, complete with an interior courtyard. Today, that structure houses UNRWA.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"4\"
Local recruits training at the Police Training School<\/a>, <\/strong>1936. Matson Photograph Collection, Library of Congress<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Once training was complete, recruits could be assigned to a variety of roles\u2014including traffic control:<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"5\"
A police officer at the modern-day intersection of Queen Shlomtzion and Agron Streets<\/a>.<\/strong> In the background: the edge of the Mamilla Muslim cemetery.
1930s. Matson Photograph Collection, Library of Congress<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n
\n
\"6
Another view of the same Jerusalem intersection<\/a>, <\/strong>1930s. Matson Photograph Collection, Library of Congress<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

A closer look reveals the insignia of the British Palestine Police on the officer\u2019s cap.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"7\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n
\n
\"8\"
Police officers and volunteers on David Street in the Old City<\/a>, 1929. Matson Photograph Collection, Library of Congress<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"9\"
British officers evacuating Jewish families from the Old City during the 1936 riots<\/a>.
Matson Photograph Collection, Library of Congress<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Police officers were stationed across the city\u2014assigned to various stations and lookout points. To better monitor key roads and maintain control, the British built a series of fortified posts. These were known as “pillboxes<\/strong>,” because of their circular, pillbox-like shape.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

We tracked down five<\/strong> known “pillboxes” that once stood in Jerusalem. Of those: two have been destroyed, two remain at their original locations, and one has been relocated slightly from its original site.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Let\u2019s begin with the two that were destroyed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1: Near the Shimon HaTzadiq Neighborhood<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This “pillbox” once stood between the neighborhoods of Shimon HaTzadiq and Nachalat Shimon, at the intersection of Othman Ibn Affan Street and Nablus Road.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"10\"
Map<\/a> <\/strong>published by the Survey of Palestine, 1945. Scale 1:2,500. <\/strong>Eran Laor Map Collection, the National Library of Israel<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n
\n
\"11\"
The “pillbox” position near the Shimon HaTzadiq neighborhood<\/a>. In the background: damaged Jewish vehicles attacked en route to Mount Scopus. From the Moshe and Batya Carmel Collection, Yad Yitzhak Ben-Zvi, YBZ.0677.451, part of the Archive Network Israel Project, made accessible through the collaborative efforts of Yad Yitzhak Ben-Zvi, the Ministry of Jerusalem and Heritage, and the National Library of Israel.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

On an Israeli map published by the IDF in 1948, the post is labeled with the more practical Hebrew name ta mishmar<\/em> (\u201cguard cell\u201d), rather than the British term. But in practice, the nickname \u201cpillbox\u201d stuck\u2014and it\u2019s still the go-to term in Hebrew today, including among IDF soldiers when referring to modern-day guard positions. It’s worth noting that Israelis often pronounce the word as “fillbox”, due to its spelling in Hebrew beginning with the letter \u05e4, which is used for both the “P” and “F” sounds<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"12\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

2: Near the Sanhedria Neighborhood<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This “pillbox” stood near what is now Golda Meir Boulevard (coming up from Admorim Leiner Street on the left), not far from the Sanhedria Cemetery. It was demolished during road construction to connect Sanhedria with the Ramot neighborhood.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"13\"
Map<\/a>, scale 1:1,250, dated 1939. From the collection of Dr. Benjamin Daniel Foner Hyman (1944\u20132024), attorney, urban planner, and legal scholar. National Library of Israel<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"14\"
Map<\/a> published by the Survey of Palestine, 1945. Scale 1:2,500. <\/strong>Eran Laor Map Collection, National Library of Israel<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n
\n
\"15\"
The same map segment as it appears in <\/strong>an Israeli IDF publication<\/a> <\/strong>from 1948.
In this version, the pillbox is labeled with the functional Hebrew term ta mishmar<\/em> (\u201cguard cell\u201d). Eran Laor Map Collection, the National Library of Israel<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Now for the two that still stand:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3: Near the Monastery of the Cross<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the intersection of Tchernichovsky and Herzog Streets stands a “pillbox” that remains highly visible in a central part of the city.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"16\"
\u201cPillbox near the Monastery of the Cross,\u201d <\/strong>photographed<\/a> by Ephraim Dagani, 1964.
Courtesy of Nadav Mann, Bitmuna. Dagani Collection, the Pritzker Family National Photography Collection, the National Library of Israel<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n
\n
\"17\"
The same “pillbox”, now adorned with painted figures of British guards. Photo: Ayelet Rubin, 2025<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

4: Corner of Emek Refaim and Pierre Koenig Streets<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"18\"
The “pillbox” located within the Reuveny Plant Nursery compound at the corner of Emek Refaim and Pierre Koenig Streets. Photo: Ayelet Rubin, 2025<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

5: Hebron Road<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Much like the architectural relocation projects seen at Sarona in Tel Aviv (starting in 2005) or the Stern House in Mamilla, which was moved and partially restored<\/a> to its original site, the “pillbox” on Hebron Road was relocated in 2013 to make way for urban development. It now stands just a short distance from where it once stood.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"19\"
The Hebron Road “pillbox”, before its relocation. Photo: Avishai Teicher \/ Wikipedia, 2009<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Further Reading:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Adam Ackerman<\/strong>, \u201cThe Stories Behind Jerusalem\u2019s Pillboxes<\/a>,\u201d Kol HaIr<\/em>, November 11, 2020 [Hebrew]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reuven Gafni<\/strong>, From the Pillbox to the President\u2019s House: The Story of Kiryat Shmuel and Merhavia<\/em>, Yad Yitzhak Ben-Zvi, Jerusalem, 2010 [Hebrew]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

No\u02bbomi Leven\u1e33ron<\/strong><\/a>, \u201cOne Writes: Binyamin Plaskovsky\u2019s Class Notes from the British Mandate Police Training School, 1927.\u201d Fifth Conference<\/a> on Police and History, April 8, 2025, Israel Police Heritage Center \u2013 National Police Academy [Hebrew]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Video<\/strong><\/a>: Relocating the Pillbox at the Edge of Arnona \/ Hebron Road<\/em>, by Asher Weiner. Credit: Naomi Altertz<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Keshet Rosenblum<\/strong>, \u201cPillbox Structure in Jerusalem Relocated in Full<\/a>,\u201d Haaretz<\/em>, March 12, 2013 [Hebrew]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In 1920, the British Mandate authorities established the Palestine Police Force. Come take a step back in time as we trace the history of this key institution through rare photographs and period maps\u2014focusing on its distinctive presence across Jerusalem.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":83,"featured_media":174598,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[217],"tags":[1898,1232,1791,1806],"tags2":[2907,3067,2656,3103,2898],"class_list":["post-174849","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-land-of-israel","tag-british-mandate","tag-history-of-israel","tag-jerusalem-en","tag-maps"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nA "Pillbox" Tour of Jerusalem With the British Mandate Police<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In 1920, the British Mandate authorities established the Palestine Police Force. 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