{"id":13301,"date":"2017-11-09T11:04:29","date_gmt":"2017-11-09T09:04:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog-dev.nli.org.il\/?p=13301"},"modified":"2023-05-30T15:45:20","modified_gmt":"2023-05-30T12:45:20","slug":"kafka_zionist","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blognli2026.moonsite.co.il\/en\/kafka_zionist\/","title":{"rendered":"Was This Ad Published by Franz Kafka in a Zionist Newspaper?"},"content":{"rendered":"

In the fall of 1911, Karl Hermann proposed to his brother-in-law, Franz Kafka, that he join him in managing the asbestos factory he had recently established. The offer of extra income appealed to Kafka, who worked in the \u201cGovernmental Company for Insuring Workers from Accidents\u201d; even though he regarded his duties in the factory as an additional bureaucratic nuisance to a life already rife with bureaucracy. This fact caused many of Kafka\u2019s biographers to minimize his contribution to the factory\u2019s success and to state that the author took advantage of any opportunity to avoid his professional responsibilities as a lawyer.<\/p>\n

An advertisement discovered by Dr. Stefan Litt, an archivist at the National Library of Israel, sheds new light on Kafka\u2019s work in the factory and on the surprising connection between the asbestos factory and the Zionist movement.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Insurance, Asbestos and Zionism at the Vienna Congresses<\/h4>\n

Two years after joining his brother-in-law in managing the asbestos factory, Kafka\u2019s life had reached a new low point. Battling insomnia, preoccupied with fears stemming from his recent engagement to Felice Bauer, and grappling with a persistent case of writers\u2019 block; Kafka left his fianc\u00e9 in Berlin and boarded a train.<\/p>\n

His destination, along with his travel companion, author Otto Pick, was Vienna.<\/p>\n

It was September of 1913.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Franz Kafka and Felice Bauer, a photograph from 1917. Source: Mondadori Portfolio\/Getty Images.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Kafka wanted to kill two birds with one stone in Vienna. Firstly, he had to participate in the Second International Congress for Rescue Services and Accident Prevention as part of his governmental work. Secondly, he was hoping to take part in the Zionist Congress which had begun a week earlier.<\/p>\n

Kafka and Pick arrived in Vienna several days before the beginning of the insurance congress. They spent their first day in the capital of the Austro-Hungarian Empire visiting their friend, the influential expressionist author and poet, Albert Ehrenstein. Even if he would have preferred to spend his first hours in the city alone and in complete anonymity, Kafka knew that he had to visit Ehrenstein \u2013 who was the first critic to read his literary works.<\/p>\n

After spending several days of leisure in the city, Kafka took part in the debates of the 11th Zionist Congress. Almost ten thousand participants from across the Jewish world attended the Congress. If Kafka had previously considered Zionism a vague and elusive expression of Jewish nationalism, he now encountered the Zionist movement as an orderly and active force, even if not one that he perceived to be particularly positive.<\/p>\n

Until Dr. Stefan Litt\u2019s discovery, the only information we possessed about Kafka\u2019s activities at the Zionist Congress was the little Kafka himself recorded in a letter to his fianc\u00e9 on September 13th of that year.<\/p>\n

Kafka\u2019s testimony from the Congress shows an attitude which is, to say the least, not complimentary: \u201cEndless shouting”, petty disagreements and a description of the typical Zionist activist as a person with \u201ca small round head and frozen cheeks\u201d. The author was singularly unimpressed by what he saw.<\/p>\n

However, it seems that Kafka\u2019s contribution to the Congress did not end there. During an incidental perusal through a special issue of the \u201cDie Welt\u201d Zionist newspaper published in honor of the Zionist Congress in Vienna, Dr. Litt discovered a notice which drew his attention: an advertisement for the asbestos factory owned by “Hermann & Co.\u201d \u2013 the same factory established by Kafka’s borther-in-law Karl Hermann, and for which Kafka himself worked from 1911 onward. As no one in Kafka\u2019s family had any real connection with the Zionist movement, and in light of the fact that Kafka participated in the meetings of the Congress to which this special edition of the newspaper was dedicated, it is a reasonable assumption that he himself purchased and ran the advertisement in the well-known Zionist newspaper<\/p>\n

\"\"
The advertisement for Karl Hermann and Franz Kafka’s asbestos factory, which appeared in the Zionist newspaper \u201cDie Welt”<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Supporter or Opponent? Kafka\u2019s Attitude to the Zionist Movement<\/h4>\n

During the decades since Kafka\u2019s death from tuberculosis on June 3, 1924, many scholars have attempted to provide a conclusive answer to the question of Kafka\u2019s Zionism: What did he think about the Zionist movement at different points in his life? Did he support it? Did he oppose it? We know that in 1917, the same year his illness was diagnosed, he began to study Hebrew. In the period prior to his death he even expressed his desire to visit the Jewish settlement in the Land of Israel \u2013 a dream which his severe illness prevented him from realizing. And still, we do not claim to provide unequivocal answers, and it is possible that no such answers exist.<\/p>\n

The advertisement discovered in such an important Zionist newspaper, a newspaper established by non-other than Theodore Herzl himself, teaches us that just like many others before and after him \u2013 one of the great modernist authors of the twentieth century was not loathe to combine his personal curiosity about the Zionist movement with his professional occupation.<\/p>\n

The article was written with the help of Dr. Stefan Litt, from the Archives Department of the National Library of Israel.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

If you liked this article, try these:<\/strong><\/p>\n

German Police Transfer Max Brod Papers to the National Library of Israel<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cNow I think that Kafka himself is saying to me: \u2018You have done enough\u2019\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n

On Pilgrimage to Franz Kafka<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A discovery by an archivist at the National Library sheds new light on Kafka\u2019s connection with the Zionist movement.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":8719,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[216],"tags":[2147,1533],"tags2":[],"class_list":["post-13301","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-diaspora","tag-franz-kafka","tag-zionism"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u05e4\u05e8\u05e0\u05e5 \u05e7\u05e4\u05e7\u05d0 \u05d5\u05d4\u05e6\u05d9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea - \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05d3\u05e2\u05d4 \u05e9\u05e4\u05e8\u05e1\u05dd \u05d4\u05e1\u05d5\u05e4\u05e8 \u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05ea\u05d5\u05df \u05e6\u05d9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9 | \u05d4\u05e1\u05e4\u05e8\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A discovery by an archivist at the National Library sheds new light on Kafka\u2019s connection with the Zionist movement.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blognli2026.moonsite.co.il\/en\/kafka_zionist\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u05dc\u05e8\u05d0\u05e9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d4: \u05d4\u05ea\u05d2\u05dc\u05ea\u05d4 \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05d3\u05e2\u05d4 \u05e9\u05e4\u05e8\u05e1\u05dd \u05e4\u05e8\u05e0\u05e5 \u05e7\u05e4\u05e7\u05d0 \u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05ea\u05d5\u05df \u05e6\u05d9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9 \u05e0\u05d5\u05d3\u05e2\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/blognli2026.moonsite.co.il\/en\/kafka_zionist\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"The Librarians\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/NationalLibraryIsrael\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2017-11-09T09:04:29+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-05-30T12:45:20+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u05d7\u05df \u05de\u05dc\u05d5\u05dc\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/blognli2026.moonsite.co.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/vienna715x537.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@NLIsrael\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@NLIsrael\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u05d7\u05df \u05de\u05dc\u05d5\u05dc\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blognli2026.moonsite.co.il\/en\/kafka_zionist\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blognli2026.moonsite.co.il\/en\/kafka_zionist\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\u05d7\u05df \u05de\u05dc\u05d5\u05dc\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blognli2026.moonsite.co.il\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/b2fafcc4ff416ddab035e6d4aaf9ef6a\"},\"headline\":\"Was This Ad Published by Franz Kafka in a Zionist Newspaper?\",\"datePublished\":\"2017-11-09T09:04:29+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-05-30T12:45:20+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blognli2026.moonsite.co.il\/en\/kafka_zionist\/\"},\"wordCount\":926,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blognli2026.moonsite.co.il\/en\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blognli2026.moonsite.co.il\/en\/kafka_zionist\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/blognli2026.moonsite.co.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/vienna715x537.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Franz Kafka\",\"Zionism\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Diaspora\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/blognli2026.moonsite.co.il\/en\/kafka_zionist\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blognli2026.moonsite.co.il\/en\/kafka_zionist\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blognli2026.moonsite.co.il\/en\/kafka_zionist\/\",\"name\":\"\u05e4\u05e8\u05e0\u05e5 \u05e7\u05e4\u05e7\u05d0 \u05d5\u05d4\u05e6\u05d9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea - 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