{"id":127095,"date":"2022-10-24T11:56:57","date_gmt":"2022-10-24T08:56:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.nli.org.il\/?p=127095"},"modified":"2024-07-01T14:58:46","modified_gmt":"2024-07-01T11:58:46","slug":"hoi_yusuf-zaarur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blognli2026.moonsite.co.il\/en\/hoi_yusuf-zaarur\/","title":{"rendered":"An Inimitable Talent: The Qanun Player Yusuf Za\u2019arur"},"content":{"rendered":"

One day, during a rehearsal of the Israel Broadcasting Authority’s Iraqi Maqam Orchestra, the qanun player Yusuf Za\u2019arur saw a fellow qanun player, Avraham Salman, sitting outside the door trying to imitate Za\u2019arur\u2019s wonderful technique. Za\u2019arur approached Salman and said to him jokingly: \u201cWhat are you doing, young man? Trying to imitate my playing? Copying from me?\u201d The joke was an attempt to diffuse the inherent tension that is palpable whenever a student tries to outdo his master. After all, Za\u2019arur knew Avraham Salman from their days back in Iraq, when Za\u2019arur had been the musical director of the Radio Baghdad Orchestra. Za\u2019arur would promote talented young musicians, mainly from among the Jewish community. Avraham Salman was one of them.<\/p>\n

\"\"
The Baghdad Radio Orchestra, 1936<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Yusuf Za\u2019arur was born in 1902 to a wealthy family in Baghdad. He displayed musical talent from a young age, and at 18 bought himself his first qanun. He also played the violin and cello. In 1932, he participated with other Iraqi musicians (all Jews) in the First International Congress of Arab Music in Cairo. A rare recording<\/a> from this event can be found in the collections of the National Library of Israel. On track five, one can hear Za\u2019arur\u2019s virtuoso playing on the qanun. His talent earned him a medal and first place in the Congress.<\/p>\n

Za\u2019arur joined Radio Baghdad in 1936 and by 1941, he was appointed the station\u2019s musical director. He held this position until his immigration to Israel in 1951. While working at Radio Baghdad, he promoted many Jewish musicians, among them the singer Salim Shuwat, Albert Elias, Avraham Daoud, Avraham Salman, Daoud Akram, Haki Ovadia, Shuweh Yehezkel, Elias Zebida, Sasson Abdu, Yosef Yaakov Shem Tov and the young singer Saleh Alshabli.<\/p>\n

\"\"
The Radio Baghdad Orchestra, 1938<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Za\u2019arur did not just promote Jewish singers. When the Iraqi singer Nazem Al-Ghazali came to audition for him, he sang a song in an Egyptian style. Za\u2019arur then asked him to sing an Iraqi song and told him that the Iraqi maqam was better suited to his style of singing. After the audition, Za\u2019arur told Ghazali that he was very talented and he predicted a great future for him, which indeed turned out to be true.<\/p>\n

During the years he worked at Radio Baghdad, Za\u2019arur composed many popular tunes and worked with the great Arab singers of the time, from the respected composer Mohammed Abdel Wahab to the great singer of the Arab world Umm Kulthum.<\/p>\n

Although he was a much sought-after musician, as a civil servant he gave private performances only to a limited number of personalities, among them King Faisal of Iraq and Prime Minister Nuri Al-Said.<\/p>\n

\"\"
The famous violinist Sami al-Shawwa performing in Baghdad in 1931, at the Cinema Royale, with Yusuf Za\u2019arur on the qanun and Ezra Aharon Azouri on the oud<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Immigrating to Israel inevitably brought a sharp decline in Za\u2019arur\u2019s status, and he went from managing singers and orchestras to playing private concerts for families from the Iraqi community in Israel. Although having fallen from his revered status in Iraq, he continued to try and include other musicians. His family says that when he was offered to play at a family celebration, he would ask the hosts if they were also interested in having a violin or oud player accompany him on the qanun. The hosts generally declined his offer because they only wanted to hear him play. However, out of appreciation for his great talent, they paid him as if he were an entire orchestra.<\/p>\n

\"\"
The 1932 International Congress of Arab Music in Cairo. All the Iraqi musicians were Jewish with the exception of the singer Mohammad al-Gubenchi. Yusuf Za\u2019arur was among the senior members of the orchestra and won first place in the qanun<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

His great talent brought him renewed recognition in Israel and he founded the Chalery Baghdad maqam orchestra which was part of the Arab Orchestra of the Israel Broadcasting Authority. Many of Yusuf’s recordings from his time with the Israel Broadcasting Authority can be found in the collections of the National Library of Israel<\/a>. However, he had to fight for his place among established musicians in Israel, some of whom he had promoted and cultivated in Iraq.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Yusuf Za\u2019arur in his home in Israel, 1966<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The story with which we began this article demonstrates the struggle for recognition between newer and older immigrants and Yusuf Za\u2019arur\u2019s unique and inimitable talent. Many musicians have tried to achieve his level of skill, including his great-grandson, the qanun player David Regev-Za\u2019arur, who says that he tries to play like his great-grandfather, and hopes that he will one day succeed.<\/p>\n

Many thanks to David Regev-Za’arur for the stories and photographs<\/strong><\/p>\n

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When he immigrated to Israel, he had to fight for recognition, but his great talent led him to renewed success in Israel as well<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":294,"featured_media":126297,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[216],"tags":[234,1232,3809,1802,1616,1673],"tags2":[2686,2656,3810,2677,2713,2678],"class_list":["post-127095","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-diaspora","tag-diaspora","tag-history-of-israel","tag-iraqi-jewry","tag-jewish-music","tag-middle-east","tag-music"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nAn Inimitable Talent: The Qanun Player Yusuf Za\u2019arur<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Yusuf Za\u2019arur was a talented musician and expert qanun player who served for many years as the musical director of the Radio Baghdad Orchestra. 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